清三代艺术陶瓷的巅峰就是瓷胎画珐琅，也就是我们通常说的珐琅彩陶瓷。

珐琅彩瓷是从康熙皇帝时代开始上马的新工艺，也是从康熙时期开始引进了外国的人才郎世宁，郎世宁带来了西洋画的风格，西洋画风格的珐琅彩瓷是最美的。

康熙时期的珐琅彩瓷主要是以花朵为主，那个时期的画风规中规矩，沉稳。

雍正时期的珐琅彩瓷秀丽，飘逸，精致 ，淡雅，彩料鲜艳，花鸟人物都出现在画面上，因为雍正的审美天赋极高，留白多，赋予想象空间。

他的画面效果很好。是三朝最好的珐琅彩瓷。

乾隆皇帝的珐琅彩瓷器是百花齐放百

家争鸣，富丽堂皇，满工满彩，因为，那时候的唐英，烧瓷技术已经达到了

顶峰，为了满足乾隆皇帝的玩耍之心

创烧出五花八门的瓷器。

但是，随着清朝政府100多年的高速发展，随着唐英的逝去，精美绝伦的珐琅彩瓷器开始露出了疲态。

我对珐琅彩艺术陶瓷的欣赏心得:

珐琅彩艺术陶瓷一定是色泽鲜艳，亮

丽的，如詩如畫，画面丰满，蘊味极高，以油画，西洋画基调为主。胎薄，透亮，造型线条优美。

画人物的琺瑯彩瓷器最好，最高端的。

是欣赏价值最高的艺术陶瓷。

制造珐琅彩瓷器的着色釉料，彩料早期来自于西方，其成分中，有大量硼作为助熔剂使用，而五彩不含硼。同样的，珐琅彩中含有砷。中国传统釉上彩装饰颜料中的五彩，则不含砷。珐琅彩中的黄彩采用氧化锑为着色剂(那不勒斯黄)，这是西方使用在油画上的一种颜料，是中国传统釉上彩颜料中所没有的原料。粉彩中的黄彩，也用氧化锑为着色剂。铅锡黄中的姜黄色，也用作珐琅彩的着色剂。

珐琅彩料简称珐琅，就是明朝的景泰蓝，也是早期被叫做珐琅的主要原因，早期的珐琅都是天然形成的矿物质，储量比较少，珐琅的主要原料是铅丹、硼酸盐、玻璃粉等原料化合在经过烧熔而制成的不透明的或是半透明的有独特光泽的物质，在珐琅釉料之中加入不同的金属氧化物，在烧制时就会变成不同颜色的珐琅，也就是人们常说的珐琅彩。

这些珐琅彩料早期都是进口的，后来经过改良，中国自己也做到了。

胭脂红色的着色元素是黄金，珐琅彩中的胭脂红即使用黄金为着色原料。它是将黄金放在王水中溶解，再用坩埚焙烧形成胶体的金，用其着色便成为胭脂红色，也就是我们所说的金红。这种彩料，在康熙以前没有出现。绿色是以氧化铜为着色剂。如在其中加入锡，可形成色阶。嫩绿色，除含铜锡元素外，还含锑和砷。蓝色，以氧化钴为着色剂。这些化学成分证明，珐琅彩不是中国的传统彩料。有些虽然是传统彩料，但它融入了部分外来元素。

珐琅彩料从進口到有國产是一个经历

过程。但是，珐琅彩料无论进口国产

都是艳丽无比的，油光梁亮的，质量极高，最贵重的金属彩料。

清三代珐琅彩瓷器之美首先是胎美 ，官窑用最好的胎坭，都加入了宝石粉

之类的高级材料，所以它的胎质特别的好，很薄，感觉不飘，看起来刚硬透亮，声音清脆。

画风，也就是珐琅彩瓷器的灵魂！

因为我们看瓷的第一眼，无论你说形也好，画也好，总之你的第一眼就是很美的畫風。

珐琅彩瓷器的风格和其他的彩瓷有着

天淵的区别。画画的人都是皇宫里的高手，尤其是郎世宁的班子，他们是油画西洋画的高手。

雍正后期和乾隆的珐琅彩瓷大多数吸收了郎世宁的西洋油画风格，采用立体效果图，在瓷画的体现是景色是纵深的，人物凸显，或者是深藏画面之中的，这是优秀的珐琅彩瓷的特点。

中国燒造（制造）的彩瓷，画面是平面画的，这是中国国画水彩画的风格，只有皇宫的珐琅彩瓷採用立体画法。

珐琅彩瓷器是油画效果，他们把油画的表现形式搬到中国的陶瓷工艺艺术品上，这就是雍正和乾隆的最大创作，为中国的陶瓷艺术工艺走向世界艺术的顶峰，至今还没有要下山的意思！这就是三朝的珐琅彩艺术陶瓷。

这里有一件雍正时期的人物风景珐琅彩

小瓶，瓶的釉水洁白，白的很纯正，雪一般的白，瓷胎很薄，胎质看着坚硬透亮，瓶型有点像吊胆，盘子口，瓶口下是一对如意耳，从瓶口开始一条弧线拉到瓶底足部，直接，干脆，利落，给人一种线条美的享受。

画面: 瓶嘴到肩部用珐琅蓝料点缀如意纹，玲珑浮凸，精细，一丝不苟。

瓶肚子到瓶足是一幅西洋人的田园生活画面，蓝天白云，山峦层叠，远山近水屋旁边的树阴下三个洋美女，神态各异，场面温馨。

好的藏品会令人心动，赏心悦目，心旷神怡，宠辱偕忘。

有几人看了能不喜欢呢? 做任何事情都是一样的，只要做出了完美，做出了极致，做出了超群，做出了特色，做出詩一讓的蘊味，收获肯定会不一样的！

中国艺术瓷器之所以能够征服世界，不是靠粗制滥造、抹灰抹泥的仿制品，是靠精美高雅，亮丽，诗意，让人赞叹的艺术创造和艺术体现 !

英文直译

English literal translation

The peak of art ceramics in the three dynasties of the Qing Dynasty is porcelain body painting enamel, which is what we usually call enamel ceramics.

Enamel porcelain is a new craft which started from Emperor Kangxi's time. It also introduced foreign talents from Kangxi's time. Lang shining brought the style of Western painting. Enamel porcelain of Western painting style is the most beautiful.

The enamel porcelain of Kangxi period was mainly made of flowers

Lord, the painting style of that period was regular and steady.

The enamel of Yongzheng period is beautiful, elegant, delicate, elegant, colorful, and the characters of flowers and birds all appear on the screen, because Yongzheng's aesthetic talent is very high, leaving a lot of white space, giving imagination space.

His pictures are very good. It is the best enamel porcelain of the three dynasties.

Qianlong emperor's enamel porcelain is full of flowers

Home contending, magnificent, full of work full of color, because, at that time, Tang Ying, porcelain technology has reached

Peak, in order to meet the Emperor Qianlong's heart of play

Create and burn all kinds of porcelain.

However, with the rapid development of the Qing government for more than 100 years and the passing of Tang Ying, the exquisite enamel porcelain began to show fatigue.

My appreciation experience of enamel art ceramics:

Enamel art ceramics must be bright and bright

Beautiful, picturesque, full picture, high flavor, mainly oil painting, Western painting tone. The tire is thin, transparent and beautiful.

The enamel porcelain for figure painting is the best and the most high-end.

It is the most valuable art ceramics to appreciate.

The colored glaze used to make enamel porcelain came from the West in the early stage. A large amount of boron was used as flux in the glaze, while wucai did not contain boron. Similarly, enamel contains arsenic. The five colors in traditional Chinese overglaze decorative pigments do not contain arsenic. Antimony oxide (Naples yellow) is used as colorant in the yellow color of enamel, which is a kind of pigment used in oil painting in the West and a raw material not found in traditional Chinese overglaze pigment. The yellow color in pastel also uses antimony oxide as colorant. The ginger in lead tin yellow is also used as a colorant for enamel.

Enamel, for short, is the cloisonne of the Ming Dynasty, which is also the main reason why it was called enamel in the early period. The early enamel was a natural mineral with relatively small reserves. The main raw materials of enamel were lead, borate, glass powder and other raw materials, which were fused to make opaque or translucent materials with unique luster, When different metal oxides are added into the enamel, it will turn into enamel of different colors when firing, which is often called enamel color.

These enamel materials were all imported in the early stage, and later, after improvement, China did the same.

The coloring element of carmine is gold, and the carmine in enamel color uses gold as the coloring material. It is gold dissolved in aqua regia, and then roasted in a crucible to form a colloidal gold, with its coloring will become carmine, which is what we call golden red. This kind of color material did not appear before Kangxi. Green is colored with copper oxide. If tin is added, the color scale can be formed. In addition to copper and tin, it also contains antimony and arsenic. Blue with cobalt oxide as colorant. These chemical compositions prove that enamel is not a traditional Chinese color material. Although some of them are traditional color materials, they are integrated with some foreign elements.

It is an experience for enamel materials from import to domestic production

Process. However, no matter imported or made in China

They are gorgeous, glossy, high quality and the most valuable metal materials.

The first beauty of enamel porcelain in the three dynasties of the Qing Dynasty was the beauty of the body. The best body clay used in the official kilns was added with gem powder

So it's very thin, it doesn't feel floating, it looks hard and transparent, and its sound is crisp.

Painting style is the soul of enamel porcelain!

Because the first time we see porcelain, whether you say shape or painting, in short, your first sight is very beautiful painting style.

The style of enamel porcelain is different from other colored porcelain

The difference between Tianyuan and Tianyuan. The painters are all experts in the palace, especially the team of Mr. Lang, who are experts in oil painting and Western painting.

In the later period of Yongzheng and Qianlong, most of the enamel porcelain absorbed the western oil painting style of Lang shining, and adopted three-dimensional effect drawing. The embodiment of porcelain painting is that the scenery is deep, the characters are prominent, or hidden in the picture, which is the characteristic of excellent enamel porcelain.

The painted porcelain made in China is painted on a plane, which is the style of traditional Chinese watercolor painting. Only the enamel porcelain of the Imperial Palace adopts the three-dimensional painting method.

Enamel porcelain is the effect of oil painting. They moved the expression form of oil painting to Chinese ceramic arts and crafts. This is the biggest creation of Yongzheng and Qianlong. They have made Chinese ceramic arts and crafts to the peak of world art. So far, they have no intention of going down! This is the enamel art ceramics of the three dynasties.

Here is an enamel painting of Yongzheng period

The glaze of the bottle is pure white. The porcelain body is very thin. It looks hard and transparent. The shape of the bottle is a bit like a gall bladder. There is a pair of Ruyi ears under the mouth of the plate. From the mouth of the bottle, an arc is pulled to the foot of the bottle bottom. It is direct, simple and neat, giving people a kind of enjoyment of beautiful lines.

Picture: from the bottle mouth to the shoulder, the Ruyi pattern is decorated with enamel blue material, exquisite, fine and meticulous.

From bottle belly to bottle foot is a picture of the pastoral life of Westerners. There are blue sky and white clouds, mountains and hills, and three foreign beauties in the shade beside the house of distant mountains and near water.

A good collection will be exciting, pleasing to the eye, relaxed and happy, and will be forgotten.

How many people like it? Do anything is the same, as long as made perfect, made the ultimate, made the super, made the characteristics, made a poem to let the flavor, the harvest will be different!

The reason why Chinese art porcelain can conquer the world is not because of the imitation of rough manufacture and plastering, but because of the exquisite, elegant, beautiful, poetic and admirable artistic creation and expression!