北京小学校长李明新：素质教育不能不抓学习

北京小学校长 李明新

期末将近的时候，考试与减负问题自然又成为大家的热门话题。怎么对待“减负”，学校各有各的认识，各有各的高招。有年年改革创新的，也有顶风作“案”的。不少学校对素质教育有误读。北京小学校长李明新表示在与别人的交谈中，听到了两种声音。

加重负担的学校说：

光搞素质教育，不重视学习，不增加负担，不重视考试行吗？学生倒是快乐了，什么都没学到，考试成绩下降谁负责？

“减轻”负担的学校说：

我们当下实施的是素质教育，追求的是学生的快乐学习，不应该看重考试，更不应该看重分数，多搞点活动，让学生快乐最重要，考成什么样都没关系，只要快乐就行。

李明新表示这两种说法虽然不同，但是对素质教育的认识却是一致的——都认为素质教育是不重视学业质量的教育。

第一种说法是典型的应试教育固守者的认识。在他们看来，素质教育一定是个幌子，是个门面。他们说“光搞素质教育”，就会“不重视学习”“不重视考试”“什么都没学到”“考试成绩下降”。言下之意是素质教育只抓快乐，不抓学习。

第二种说法是典型的素质教育肤浅论者的认识。有这种认识的不只是一些中小学的干部、教师，社会上普遍的认识都如此。在他们看来，素质教育等于快乐学习，快乐学习等于“多搞活动”“考什么样都没关系”。言下之意也是素质教育只抓快乐，不抓学习。

学校减负担，家长加负担，堤内损失堤外补。社会上学科培训班火热，与家长对学校教学质量的担忧甚至不满意有直接关系。不解决素质教育与学业水平的关系问题，负担就不会真正减下来，培训班热也不会从根本上降温。

考试和分数不能作为评价学生的唯一方式，但是并不否认科学的考试对学生学科能力考查的必要功能。

李明新认为，课堂是学生学校生活的主要空间，课堂学习质量是学生成长的重要标志。素质教育的课堂不是低质的课堂，而应该是有效的课堂、高质的课堂；真正的素质教育的课堂应该让学生让学生越学越爱学，越学越会学，越学越善学；素质教育的课堂应该让学生学习充实、学有底气、不怕考试。只有这样，教师才能认同，家长才能放心，社会才会称赞。

在谈论到高素质教育的课堂质量应该从哪些方面着手时，李明新提出了以下三点建议：

首先是抓学习动力。不管哪个学段，激发学生的学习兴趣和强烈的求知欲，形成热爱学习、热爱学科的情感，形成积极向上的学习态度，树立恰当进取的学习目标，是学生从学习成功走向新的学习成功的强大动力。有了这个动力，自主、合作、探究的学习方式才能走向自觉，走向深入。

二是抓学习能力。高质量课堂的标志不是课本背得牢不牢，而是文化积淀厚不厚；不是学习知识多不多，而是学习方法会不会；不是刷题试卷有多厚，而是学习视野有多宽。掌握学习方法，培养思维能力，开阔学习视野，提高学习素养，才是关键的质量内涵。我认为，而且我过去的语文教学实践也证明，学生会学习，学科能力就会强，能力强就不怕考试。

三是抓学习毅力。毅力就是持之以恒、坚持不懈的精神，就是直面困难、不怕挫折的勇气，就是心有目标、矢志笃学的追求。谈到学习毅力，必然涉及到乐学与苦学的问题。只是不同学段侧重点不同而已，但是决不能搞表面的快乐，或没有乐学追求的苦学。

来源：凤凰

Li Mingxin, the principal of Beijing primary school: quality education can't do without learning

Li Mingxin, the principal of Beijing primary school

At the end of the final period, the question of examination and reduction has naturally become a hot topic for everyone. How to deal with the "burden reduction", the school has the various understanding, each has the various high tricks. With years of reform and innovation, there is also a "case". Many schools have misread the quality education. Li Mingxin, the principal of Beijing primary school, said he heard two voices in conversation with others.

The heavier burden of the school said:

Do not pay attention to learning, increase the burden, and do not pay attention to the examination line? The students are happy, have nothing to learn, who is responsible for the decline in exam results?

The school that "alleviated" the burden said:

We present the implementation of quality education, is the pursuit of happiness of students learning, the examination should be valued, but should not be valued scores, do more activities, let students happy is the most important, what kind of test are never mind, as long as happy on the line.

Li Mingxin said that these two statements are different, but their understanding of quality education is the same. They all think that quality education is not the quality education.

The first kind of statement is the understanding of the typical exam oriented education adherence. In their view, quality education must be a cover and a facade. They say "light in quality education", "do not pay attention to learning," "do not pay attention to the exam," "nothing learned" "test results decline. What is the quality education to catch happiness, do not grasp learning.

The second kind of statement is a typical understanding of the superficial theory of quality education. This understanding is not only a number of primary and secondary school cadres, teachers, and the general understanding of the society is so. In their view, quality education is equal to happy learning, happy learning is equal to "more activities" and "nothing to do". The quality education is also only catch happiness, do not grasp learning.

School students bear, parents burden, loss diwai Tsutsumiuchi up. The social discipline training class is hot, and it has a direct relationship with parents' worry about the quality of school teaching and even dissatisfaction. Without solving the problem of the relationship between quality education and academic level, the burden will not be really reduced, and the heat of the training class will not be fundamentally cooled.

Examinations and scores can not be used as the only way to evaluate students, but they do not deny the necessary function of scientific examination for the examination of students' subject competence.

Li Mingxin believes that classroom is the main space for students' school life, and the quality of classroom learning is an important symbol of the growth of students. The quality-oriented education is not low quality class, and should be the effective classroom and high quality classroom; real quality education classroom should allow students to let students learn more and more love to learn, learn more and more will learn, learn more and more good school; quality education classroom should let students learn to enrich and learn confidence and afraid of exams. Only in this way, teachers can identify, parents can rest assured that the society will be praised.

When talking about the aspects of the quality of the high quality education, Li Mingxin made the following three suggestions:

The first is to grasp the motivation of learning. No matter which school, stimulate students' interest in learning and a strong thirst for knowledge, love learning, love, formation of emotion, form a positive learning attitude and enterprising, establish appropriate learning objectives, is a powerful driving force for students from learning to new learning success. With this motive, the learning methods of independent, cooperative and inquiring can move towards consciousness and go deeper.

The two is to grasp the learning ability. The sign of high quality classroom is not that the textbooks are not fast enough, but the cultural accumulation is not thick. Not learning knowledge is much, but learning methods. It's not how thick the test paper is, but how wide the field of vision is. It is the key quality connotation to master the learning method, cultivate the thinking ability, broaden the study field of vision and improve the learning accomplishment. I think, and my past Chinese teaching practice also proves that the students will learn, the discipline ability will be strong, the ability is not afraid of the examination.

Three is to grasp the learning perseverance. Is the spirit of perseverance, persevere unremittingly, is the courage to face difficulties, not afraid of setbacks, is the heart of a goal, to pursue duxue. When it comes to learning perseverance, necessarily involves learning problems and learning. Not only students section with different emphasis, but must not engage in the surface of happiness, not the pursuit of learning or learning.