外语类高校需创新人才培养模式

党的十九大报告指出，“没有高度的文化自信，没有文化的繁荣兴盛，就没有中华民族伟大复兴。”同时，要“加快一流大学和一流学科建设，实现高等教育内涵式发展”。对外语类高校而言，必须深刻思考新时代如何实现内涵式发展，转型升级。

语言的产生和文字的发明是人类文明诞生和发展的主要标志之一。从人类文明的演进过程来看，语言文字始终扮演着重要角色。让不同文明从冲突排斥、非彼即此走向和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢，在推动构建人类命运共同体的过程中，语言文字必将发挥不可替代的重要作用。

语言文字不仅是交际沟通的工具，更是认识世界的工具。外国语言文学学科兼具人文科学、社会科学和自然科学等特征。从20世纪下半叶直到现在，外国语言文学学科除了地区研究这一明显的社会科学的特征之外，还开始与计算科学、神经科学、生物学、统计学、心理学，以及大数据分析等进行跨学科的交叉研究并取得了重大进展。

而在这个过程中，外语类院校蓬勃发展。尤其是伴随“一带一路”倡议的提出，中国外语类高校迎来了前所未有的新一轮发展机遇。这一方面反映了我们了解世界、认识世界的开放心态，是国家改革开放政策不断深入的体现；另一方面，也反映出，中国深入参与全球治理对外语类高校的质量与内涵提升提出了新要求，对推动我国高等外语教育的结构性调整和转型升级提出了新的要求。

新时代，借助“双一流”建设，中国外语高等教育应进一步服务中外人文交流和中华文化走出去战略，在文化的“创造性转化、创新性发展”和国别区域研究、全球知识构建方面积极作为，站稳前沿，引领全球外语高等教育的发展，并实现内涵式发展。

首先，要坚定理想信念，牢牢抓住“培养什么人、如何培养人、为谁培养人”“办什么样的大学、怎样办好大学”的根本性问题，抓好党建，坚持正确的办学方向，以适应新时代对外语高等教育发展的新要求，始终扎根中国大地办好中国特色社会主义大学。

同时，要强化特色，坚持科学的办学目标，满足社会对外语高等教育发展的新期待。能否培养出担当民族复兴大任的时代新人是界定“双一流”的重要标准，新时代要教育引导学生正确认识和把握人类社会发展的历史必然性，认识和把握中国特色社会主义的历史必然性，正确认识时代责任和历史使命，正确认识远大抱负和脚踏实地，从而培养出一大批了解国情、具有全球视野、熟练运用外语、通晓国际规则、精通国际谈判的专业人才，以适应中国参与全球治理的需要。

特别重要的是，要健全促进外语院校内涵发展的体制机制。在这方面，上海外国语大学也做了多方面的探索，学校以一流学科建设为契机，以“多语种+”作为新时代办学战略，深化综合改革，提高现代大学治理能力，通过推进综合预算制改革和本科生、研究生、留学生两级管理，实现权力为学校发展运行，资源为师生成长配置。同时，着力探索专业特色型、多语复合型、战略拔尖型三大类人才培养模式，打破原来的单一化、标准化人才培养机制，以学生为中心，增加学生选择的自由度，提供个性化、自主化的培养方案，着力构建“听说读写译”五位一体外语院校特色思政体系，重新制订人才培养方案，改变传统的以听说读写译为主导的语言教学模式，充实课程设置，基于“多语种+”卓越国际化人才的培养目标重新构建学生的知识结构。

办好人民满意的新时代外语高等教育，中国外语类高等院校使命在肩，当有新作为。

来源：人民网

The training mode of creative talents in foreign language colleges and Universities

The nineteen major report of the Party pointed out that "without a high degree of cultural confidence, no cultural prosperity and prosperity, there will be no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." At the same time, we should "speed up the construction of first-class universities and first-class disciplines so as to realize the connotation development of higher education". For foreign language colleges and universities, it is necessary to think deeply about how to realize the connotation development and the transformation and upgrade in the new era.

The creation of language and the invention of words are one of the main symbols of the birth and development of human civilization. From the evolution of human civilization, language and language have always played an important role. Let different civilizations from conflict exclusion, alternatively it towards peaceful cooperation, openness and tolerance, mutual learning, mutual benefit and win-win, in the process of promoting the construction of a common destiny of mankind, the language will play an irreplaceable role.

Language and language are not only a tool for communication and communication, but also a tool for understanding the world. The subject of foreign language and literature has the characteristics of humanities, social sciences and natural sciences. From the second half of twentieth Century until now, the discipline of foreign language and literature research in addition to the obvious characteristics of the social science area, has also started with computer science, neuroscience, biology, psychology, statistics, and data analysis of interdisciplinary research and made great progress.

In this process, foreign language colleges and universities are flourishing.  Especially with the "The Belt and Road initiative, foreign language university China ushered in a new round of hitherto unknown development opportunity.  This reflects our understanding and understanding the world open mind, is the embodiment of the country reform and open policy deepening; on the other hand, also reflects Chinese deeply involved in global governance to enhance the quality and connotation of foreign language university and puts forward new requirements, to promote structural adjustment of higher education in China and the transformation of foreign language the upgrade has put forward new requirements.

The new era, with the help of "double top" construction, higher education should further Chinese language service of foreign cultural exchanges and Chinese culture going out strategy, in the culture of "creative transformation, innovation and development" country and region research, global knowledge construction as a positive, firm frontier, leading the global language development of higher education, and realize the connotation type development.

First of all, to their ideals and faith, firmly grasp the "cultivate what, how to train people who train people" "what kind of University and how to run the University's fundamental problem, party, adhere to the correct direction of running, in order to adapt to the new requirements for the development of Higher Education of foreign language in the new era, and always rooted China the earth Chinese socialism University run.

At the same time, we should strengthen the characteristics, adhere to the scientific goal of running a school, and meet the new expectation of the society for the development of foreign language higher education. The ability to cultivate a new generation play great rejuvenation is the definition of "double standard class", a new era of the historical inevitability of education to guide students to correctly understand and grasp the development of human society, the historical inevitability of understanding and grasp the Chinese characteristics, understand the era of responsibility and historical mission, a correct understanding of ambition and down-to-earth thus, cultivate a large number of understanding of the situation, with a global vision, skilled use of language, familiar with international rules, proficient in international negotiations of professional personnel, in order to meet the needs of China participation in global governance.

It is particularly important that the institutional mechanism to promote the development of foreign language colleges and universities should be improved. In this regard, the Shanghai International Studies University is also explored in many aspects, the school to build a first-class discipline as an opportunity to "multilingual +" as a new era of education strategy, deepen the comprehensive reform, improve the governance capability of the modern university students, two grade management through the promotion of comprehensive budget system reform and the implementation of undergraduate and graduate students, and power the development of school running resources for the students'growth configuration. At the same time, to explore the training mode of professional characteristics, multilingual complex, strategic top three types of talent training mechanism, breaking the single and standardization of original talent, take the student as the center, to increase the degree of freedom for students to choose, to provide personalized, independent of the training program, focus on building the "speaking and writing characteristics in translation" one of the five foreign language colleges ideological and political system, re formulate the personnel training program, to change the tingshuidouxieyi language dominated the traditional teaching mode, enrich the curriculum, based on the "multilingual +" outstanding international talent training goal to construct students' knowledge structure.

The new era of foreign language higher education in the new era is satisfied by the people, and the mission of Chinese foreign language colleges and universities is on the shoulder.