“太极拳”“送王船”列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录

"Taijiquan" and "send the king ship" are listed in the list of representative works of intangible cultural heritage of mankind

发布时间：2020-12-17 20:40 来源：文化和旅游部政府门户网站 编辑：马思伟

Published on: December 17, 2020 20:40 source: government portal of the Ministry of culture and tourism editor: Ma Siwei

联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会（以下简称“委员会”）第15届常会于2020年12月14日至19日在线上召开。本届常会共评审57个国家申报的50个非物质文化遗产项目。北京时间12月17日晚，我国单独申报的“太极拳”、我国与马来西亚联合申报的“送王船——有关人与海洋可持续联系的仪式及相关实践”（以下简称“送王船”）两个项目，经委员会评审通过，列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。至此，我国共有42个非物质文化遗产项目列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录（册），居世界第一。

The 15th regular session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the protection of intangible cultural heritage (hereinafter referred to as "the committee") was held online from December 14 to 19, 2020. At the current session, 50 intangible cultural heritage projects declared by 57 countries were reviewed. On the evening of December 17, Beijing time, the two projects of "Taijiquan" separately declared by China and "sending the king boat" jointly declared by China and Malaysia (hereinafter referred to as "sending the king boat") were approved by the Committee and listed in the list of representative works of UNESCO intangible cultural heritage. So far, 42 intangible cultural heritage projects have been listed in the UNESCO intangible cultural heritage list (volume), ranking first in the world.

太极拳自17世纪中叶形成以来，世代传承，习练者遍布全国各地，并在海外有着广泛传播和传承。太极拳对于习练者的性别、年龄、体质、职业、民族没有限制，通过习练太极拳，人们在修身养性、强身健体的同时，也传承着中华民族的文化基因。“学拳明理”，太极拳所蕴含的阴阳循环、天人合一的中国传统哲学思想和养生观念，丰富着人们对宇宙、自然和人体运行规律的认知；其松柔圆活与立身中正的基本要求，尊师重道、学拳不可不敬、不可狂、不可满等价值观念，潜移默化地涵养着人们平和、包容、友善的心性。在提升人民群众健康意识、促进身心健康、推动人与人和谐共处、增强社会凝聚力等方面，太极拳都发挥着重要作用。

Since the formation of Taijiquan in the middle of the 17th century, Taijiquan has been handed down from generation to generation. Its practitioners are all over the country, and have been widely spread and inherited overseas. There are no restrictions on the exerciser's gender, age, constitution, occupation and nationality. By practicing Taijiquan, people not only cultivate their moral character, but also inherit the cultural gene of the Chinese nation. "Learning boxing and understanding reason", Taijiquan contains the traditional Chinese philosophy of yin and Yang circulation, the unity of heaven and man, and the concept of health preservation, which enriches people's cognition of the universe, nature and the law of human body. Its basic requirements of being flexible, flexible and upright, respecting teachers and valuing the way, and learning boxing should not be disrespectful, crazy, and unsatisfied, which imperceptibly cultivate people's peace and tolerance Friendly nature. Taijiquan plays an important role in improving people's health awareness, promoting physical and mental health, promoting harmonious coexistence among people, and enhancing social cohesion.

（河南省焦作市太极拳爱好者早晨在人民公园集体习练太极拳。摄影：孙海涛）

(Taijiquan enthusiasts in Jiaozuo, Henan Province practice Taijiquan in the people's Park in the morning. Photo by sun Haitao)

送王船是广泛流传于我国闽南地区和马来西亚马六甲沿海地区禳灾祈安的民俗活动。自15至17世纪形成以来，随着“下南洋”和海上贸易，逐步从我国闽南地区传播到东南亚地区。送王船传递着人们对先辈走向海洋的历史记忆，体现了人与自然和谐相处、尊重生命的理念，为推动包容性社会发展提供了丰富的文化对话资源；其承载的观察气象、潮汐、洋流等海洋知识和航海技术，是人们长期海上生产生活智慧的结晶。送王船被中马两国的相关社区视为共同遗产，是中华文化在海上丝绸之路沿线国家传播与交融的生动例证。

Sending the king ship is a folk activity widely spread in Southern Fujian and Malacca coastal areas of Malaysia. Since its formation in the 15th and 17th centuries, with the "going down to the Southeast Asia" and maritime trade, it gradually spread from southern Fujian to Southeast Asia. The ship conveys people's historical memory of their ancestors going to the sea, embodies the concept of harmonious coexistence between man and nature and respect for life, and provides rich cultural dialogue resources for promoting the development of inclusive society. Its ocean knowledge and navigation technology, such as weather observation, tide and ocean current, are the crystallization of people's long-term maritime production and life wisdom. Sending the king ship is regarded as a common heritage by the relevant communities of China and Malaysia, which is a vivid example of the spread and blending of Chinese culture in the countries along the maritime Silk Road.

（中国福建省厦门市海沧区送王船仪式活动。摄影：欧阳淑顺）

(ceremony of sending off the king ship in Haicang District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China). Photo by Ouyang Shushun)

（马来西亚马六甲送王船仪式活动。摄影：Chan Kow Heng）

(the ceremony of sending off the king ship in Malacca, Malaysia. Photo by Chan kow Heng)

积极申报非物质文化遗产项目列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录（册），是我国履行《保护非物质文化遗产公约》缔约国责任和义务的重要内容，也充分体现了我国日益提高的非物质文化遗产保护水平和履约能力，对传承弘扬中华优秀传统文化、彰显中华民族创新创造活力、提升中华文化的国际影响力、促进民心相通和文明交流互鉴都具有重要意义。

It is an important content for our country to fulfill the responsibilities and obligations of the Contracting States of the Convention for the protection of intangible cultural heritage to actively apply for the inclusion of intangible cultural heritage projects in the intangible cultural heritage list (volume), and also fully reflects China's increasing level of intangible cultural heritage protection and Implementation ability, which is conducive to the inheritance and promotion of Chinese excellent traditional culture and highlight China It is of great significance to create vitality for national innovation, enhance the international influence of Chinese culture, and promote people to people communication and civilization exchange and mutual learning.