任性“驴行”就该自己埋单

　黄山风景区日前发布消息称，今年将启动有偿救援，违规逃票私自进入或不听劝阻擅自进入未开发开放区域而遇险的，将要承担相应的救援费用。对此，网友纷纷点赞，并直言“早该如此！”

　　一个“早”字，折射出大家对任性驴友积蓄的不满。近些年来，随着户外探险活动不断升温，驴友乱闯未开发景区遇险的事情也多了起来。以黄山风景区为例，每年因游客违规行为造成迷路被困的紧急救援就有约10起。任性乱游，对个人来说，是拿生命开玩笑；对于公共资源而言，则是巨大的成本。要看到，险境救援往往需要兴师动众，不仅要大范围拉网搜山，甚至还要出动直升机搜救，人力、物力和财力投入很大。有时候，在极端恶劣的环境下，遇险人员获救了，救援人员却搭上自己的生命，实在令人痛心。

　　任性“驴行”后果严重，可为何就是有人不听劝阻？原因固然多样，但违规成本过低可谓关键一条。在很多以身试险者看来，如果安全往返，自是能够领略“无限风光在险峰”的痛快；一旦陷入困境，也会有人跋山涉水来相救。由于缺乏相应的惩戒机制，违规驴友往往无需为自己的过错担责，以至于有的人在被救后连一句“谢谢”都懒得说。违规收益远远大于冒险成本，这在很大程度上助长了一些人“反正有人擦屁股”的心理，做起事来便“勇敢”得多。就像经济学里道德风险所揭示的，完全不承担风险的一方总是“恃宠而骄”，任性胡来；惟有打破“刚性兑付”的幻想，让任性者付出代价，方为上策。

　　权利和义务永远都是对等的，这是现代社会的基本共识。对少数人的无原则宽容就是对绝大多数人的苛刻，是更深层次的权利失衡。在户外运动较为发达的西方国家，对于违反国家公园规定的求救者，要求其支付相关救助费用已是普遍做法。现在，随着任性“驴行”越来越多，国内对于“谁违规，谁买单”的呼声也越来越高，黄山景区出台有偿救援规定可谓正当其时。事实上，有偿救援，有偿不是目的，让驴友学会为自己和他人负责才是方向。即便收了费，这和为任性付出的生命代价相比，也是微乎其微。从这个意义上说，加大违规成本，让任性者学会对自己负责，也是个体从自然人到社会人的一门必修课。

　　任性就得自己埋单。我们期待黄山景区的“有偿救援”作为一种样本探索，能在更大范围里推广施行。

"Donkey" should pay their own willful

Mount Huangshan scenic area, before the news release, will launch a paid rescue this year, illegal or unauthorized access to fare evasion dissuasion unauthorized access to the undeveloped open area and distress, will have to bear the costs of rescue. To this, the netizen one after another to praise, and say directly "it should be so!"

A "early" word, the refraction of people's dissatisfaction with the capricious donkey's savings. In recent years, as the outdoor expedition has been warming up, the undeveloped scenic spots of the donkey friends have become more and more. Taking the Mount Huangshan scenic area as an example, there are about 10 emergency rescues caused by tourists' Irregularities every year. Unruly travel, for individuals, is a joke for life; for public resources, it is a huge cost. To see the danger, rescue often requires launching a campaign, not only to large-scale dragnet search the mountain, or even search and rescue helicopters, manpower, material and financial investment greatly. Sometimes, in an extremely bad environment, the rescuers were rescued, and the rescuers took their lives.

"Your" willful serious consequences, but why is people don't listen? There are many reasons, but the low cost of violation is a key one. In the eyes of many a person, if the security is to be able to enjoy the trip, since the "unlimited scenery in the Xian Feng" happy; if there is trouble, someone will have to travel over land and water. Due to the lack of corresponding punishment mechanism, often without illegal tour pal for his fault to bear responsibility, so that some people are being rescued after even a "thank you" have nothing to say. Illegal income is far greater than the cost of adventure. To a large extent, it has encouraged some people to "rub their butt" anyway, and it is much more brave to do things. As in economics, moral hazard reveals, completely risk the party always spoiled and arrogant, willful mess; only breaking the rigid honor "fantasy, let wayward who pay the price for the best.

Rights and obligations are always reciprocal, and this is the basic consensus of modern society. The unprincipled tolerance to a small number of people is the harshness to the vast majority of people and a deeper imbalance of rights. In the western countries with more developed outdoor sports, it is common practice for the rescuer who violates the regulations of the National Park. Now, with the wayward "donkey" more and more, the domestic "who illegally, who pay more and more scenic spots in Mount Huangshan issued regulations can be described as the right time for rescue. In fact, paid relief, paid is not a purpose, let the donkey learn to be responsible for themselves and others is the direction. Even if the fee is charged, it is very small compared to the cost of life for the willfulness. In this sense, to increase the cost of violation, let the caprant learn to be responsible for themselves, but also a compulsory course for the individual from the natural person to the social person.

You have to pay your own bills. We look forward to the "paid rescue" as a sample of Mount Huangshan scenic spot, which can be popularized in a wider range.