到北京三联书店想买些网络方面和有关书法碑帖方面的书，正巧下午两点，中国人民大学教授钱宁到书店搞他的新作《新论语》发行发布会，顺便也就听了起来。

I went to Beijing Sanlian bookstore to buy some books on the Internet and calligraphy. At two o'clock in the afternoon, Qian Ning, a professor of Renmin University of China, went to the bookstore to launch his new work the new Analects of Confucius. By the way, he heard it.

钱宁，上海人，中国人民大学毕业，80年代到美国墨尔本留学。写过《圣人》《秦 相李斯》《尼山风光》《社会正义、公民权利和集体主义《论社会福利的政治与道德基础》。

Qian Ning, a Shanghai native, graduated from Renmin University of China and studied in Melbourne in the 1980s. He has written the sage, the Prime Minister of Qin, the scenery of Nishan, social justice, civil rights and collectivism, and on the political and moral basis of social welfare.

外表看钱宁是个不到50岁有些儒雅学者气质的人，会场给他准备的椅子他不坐，而是站着介绍《新论语》的写作思路及用意。

On the outside, Qian Ning is less than 50 years old and has the temperament of a scholar. Instead of sitting in the chair prepared for him, he stands to introduce the writing ideas and intentions of the new Analects of Confucius.

他首先解释说，他研究过《论语》，是孔子弟子们记录孔子言行的一部书，里边有很多孔子与学生们的对话，全书有600多句， 包含了孔子对教育、做人、从政、如何生活等方面的思想。

He first explained that he had studied the Analects of Confucius, which is a book for Confucius disciples to record Confucius' words and deeds. There are many dialogues between Confucius and his students in the book. There are more than 600 sentences in the book, including Confucius' Thoughts on education, life, politics, and how to live.

这是本没有经过孔子本人审阅的书，所以现在的论语里的的内容比较杂乱，没有逻楫性。没能系统地体现出孔子的最根本的“仁爱”思想。

This is a book that has not been reviewed by Confucius himself, so the content of the Analects is rather messy and has no logic. It failed to systematically reflect Confucius' most fundamental "benevolence" thought.

他说，他把原来的《论语》象拆机器零件一样进行了拆卸，然后按照一定的逻楫性进行了重新组合，使人们再读时能够思路清晰明了。便于更有条理更快地掌握孔子的思想。

He said that he disassembled the original Analects like machine parts, and then recombined it according to a certain logic, so that people can have a clear idea when they read it again. It is convenient to master Confucius' thought more systematically and faster.

比如说:孔子思想的核心是什么?是仁。

For example: what is the core of Confucius' thought? Benevolence.

颜渊问孔子什么是仁?。子日:“克己复礼为仁。一日克己复礼，天下归仁焉。为仁由己，而由人乎哉?

Yan Yuan asked Confucius what is benevolence?. Zi RI: "it's benevolent to restrain oneself and return to propriety. A day of self-restraint, the world return to benevolence. Is it for the sake of benevolence and self-reliance, but for the sake of others?

颜渊日:“请问其目。”子日:“非礼勿视，非礼勿听，非礼勿言，非礼勿动。

Yan Yuanri: "what is the purpose?" Zi RI: "don't see, listen, speak or move unless you are polite.

钱宁讲到这里，诙谐了一句:孔子所要求的仁的标准很高，不论是孔子当时的年代还是从他往后的这三千多年没有几人能达到仁的标准，不说“克己复礼”，能做到克己不收礼，不索礼，在当代就是仁了。

When Qian Ning said this, he jokingly said that the standard of benevolence required by Confucius was very high. No matter in Confucius' time or in the three thousand years since then, few people could reach the standard of benevolence. Not to mention "self-restraint and return to propriety", they could not accept proprieties or ask for proprieties. In contemporary times, it is benevolence.

会后他对现场的听众提问进行了解答。

After the meeting, he answered questions from the audience.

一个带眼镜小伙子问:这次新编的《论语》是用西方的结构式方法进行的吗?

A young man with glasses asked: is this new edition of the Analects carried out in a western structural way?

钱宁答:受一些西方结构方法影响，便并不完全是用这种方法，而是更重视孔子思想里的逻楫性，是以逻楫为主要结构框架的。所区别的是这次把原《论语》中孔子的话编为内篇，孔子弟子们的话编为外篇，这样分开后，就能清晰地看出孔子师生思想上的差距了。

Qian Ning: influenced by some western structural methods, it is not entirely this method, but more emphasis on the logicality in Confucius' thought, with logicality as the main structural framework. The difference is that this time, Confucius' words in the original Analects are compiled into the inner part, and Confucius' disciples' words are compiled into the outer part. After this separation, we can clearly see the ideological gap between Confucius' teachers and students.

有人问:都知道孔子也叫孔老二，为什么《论语》里没提到过孔老大?

Some people ask: we all know that Confucius is also called Kong Laoer. Why is there no mention of Kong Laoer in the Analects of Confucius?

钱宁答:孔子是他父亲在70多岁时有的他，和孔老大是同父异母的兄弟，因为《论语》是孔子弟子们整理出来的他们在一起讨论学习如何修身、如何治理国家方面的问题，而不是孔子的传记，所以里边没有提到孔老大，但司马迁的史记中讲过孔子这个哥哥。据《史记孔子世家》记述:纥与颜氏女祷于尼丘得孔子”，“生而首上圩顶，故因名日丘云，字仲尼”。古代习惯把兄弟排行用伯仲叔季来表示。孔子排行第二，故日“仲”。 孔子异母哥字伯尼，腿有残疾。

Qian Ning: Confucius was born to his father in his 70s. He and the elder Kong are half brothers, because the Analects of Confucius is compiled by Confucius' disciples. They discuss how to cultivate themselves and how to govern the country together, not in Confucius' biography. So there is no mention of the elder Kong, but Sima Qian's historical records mention Confucius as his elder brother. According to the records of Confucius' family in historical records, he and Yan's daughter prayed for Confucius in Niqiu, "they were born on the top of the polder, so they were named riqiuyun and named Zhongni.". In ancient times, it was customary to express the rank of brothers as Bo Zhong Shu Ji. Confucius ranked second, so Japan "Zhong". Confucius had a different mother and brother with the word "Bernie" and a disabled leg.

最后我抢到话筒问:通过主持人介绍知道了您是研究孔子问题的专家，在国内出了好几部关于孔子的书，并在美国讲学。请问一下，现在世界上有很多国家都办起了孔子学院，请您介绍一下外国人是怎样看待孔子和论语的。

Finally, I grabbed the microphone and asked: through the introduction of the host, I know that you are an expert on Confucius. You have published several books on Confucius in China and lectured in the United States. Excuse me, now many countries in the world have set up Confucius Institutes. Please introduce how foreigners view Confucius and the Analects of Confucius.

钱宁把一直注视我的目光转到桌上的讲稿，但并没有去看，只是通过这一动作在 整理思路，他抬起头，扫视一下在坐的听众，然后看着我说:其实，在外国人眼中，孔子的地位不如老子，他们认为孔子只是讲究修身的道德。但没有什么深刻的思想，不象老子，提出了对世界有辩证的看法，老子的“祸兮福所倚，福兮祸所伏”将欲歙之，必固张之;将欲弱之，必固强之;将欲废之，必固举之;将欲取之，必固与之。是未微明。“大方无隅;大器晚成;大音希声;大象无形;道隐无名。”这些都充满 了智慧和哲理。

Qian Ning turned his eyes to the speech on the table, but he didn't read it. He just arranged his thoughts through this action. He raised his head, scanned the audience, and then looked at me and said: in fact, in the eyes of foreigners, Confucius is not as important as Laozi. They think that Confucius is just about moral cultivation. But there is no profound thought, unlike Lao Tzu, who put forward a dialectical view of the world. Lao Tzu's "misfortune depends on fortune, and fortune depends on misfortune". If you want to be weak, you must strengthen it; if you want to be abandoned, you must strengthen it; if you want to take it, you must strengthen it. It's not clear. "The great form has no shape." the great sound is hard to hear. The big voice is loud; the elephant is invisible; the road is hidden. These are full of wisdom and philosophy.

给人以启迪。孔子的论语，读后只是能教人如何地圆滑处事，如何在生活中明哲保身，但不能给人以认识世界和自然的启示。

Enlightening. Confucius' Analects, after reading, can only teach people how to deal with things tactfully and how to protect themselves in life, but can not give people the Enlightenment of understanding the world and nature.

一个休息日，不经意间就能听到一堂国学讲课，这就是居于北京大都市的好处。

On a day off, you can casually hear a lecture on Chinese culture, which is the advantage of living in a metropolis of Beijing.

郝连成2012-06-13北京通州.

Hao Liancheng 2012-06-13 Tongzhou, Beijing