世界文化艺术家排行榜

World cultural artists list

《每日一星》

Star of the day

第216号  卡蒂埃·布列松  

216   Henri Cartier·Bresson

卡蒂埃·布列松，法国摄影师。

Cartier Bresson, French photographer.

1908年生于法国塞纳-马恩省。他儿童时代即酷爱美术，曾师从画家戈登奈和安德烈·洛特。2004年8月3日，布列松在法国西南部的家中去世，享年96岁。

Born in 1908 in Seine man, France. As a child, he loved fine arts and studied with painters godenay and Andre Lott. On August 3, 2004, Bresson died at his home in southwest France at the age of 96.

他的“瞬间美学”理论堪称影响了全球的媒体和影像，他创建的马格南图片社（Magnum）是世界上影响力最大和时间最长的摄影机构，被誉为当代世界摄影十杰之一的抓拍摄影大师。

His theory of "instant aesthetics" has influenced the media and images all over the world. Magnum, which he founded, is the world's most influential and longest-standing photography organization and is known as one of the top ten photographers in the contemporary world.

1922年至1928年

1922-1928

1922年至1928年，卡蒂埃·布列松在中学学习期间开始学习摄影，并结识了一些摄影家，为他们的作品所倾倒，从此产生了献身摄影艺术的信念。布列松真正从事摄影活动是从20世纪30年代开始的。1931年，22岁的布列松去了一趟非洲象牙海岸，在那里买了一架相机进行拍摄。一年以后，当他正要回国时，才发现镜头已经发霉，所拍照片全部报废。后来他买了一台莱卡相机，从此这架相机成了他一生的旅伴。

From 1922 to 1928, Cartier Bresson began to learn photography in middle school, and met some photographers. He was fascinated by their works, and from then on, he had the belief of devoting himself to photography. Bresson's real photography began in the 1930s. In 1931, 22-year-old Bresson went to Ivory Coast, Africa, where he bought a camera to shoot. A year later, when he was about to return home, he found that the lens had become moldy and all the photos he took were discarded. Later, he bought a Leica camera, which became his lifelong travel companion.

从非洲回国后，布列松参加了当时的超现实主义小组从事摄影活动。1932年，他第一次在美国纽约，然后又在西班牙马德里展出了自己的作品。1934年，他旅居墨西哥一年，仍然从事摄影工作。1935年在美国同保尔·斯特朗从事电影拍摄工作。在1936年至1939年之间，布列松为让·雷诺，阿雅克，贝克尔和安德烈·兹沃波达当助手，拍摄了影片《生活属于我们》、《乡村一部分》和《火的规律》以及纪录片《生命的胜利》。

After returning from Africa, Bresson took part in the surrealism group at that time and engaged in photography activities. In 1932, he exhibited his works for the first time in New York, and then in Madrid, Spain. In 1934, he lived in Mexico for a year and still worked as a photographer. In 1935, he was engaged in film shooting with Paul strong in the United States. From 1936 to 1939, Bresson worked as assistant for Jean Renault, ayak, Becker and Andre zvopoda, shooting the films "life belongs to us", "part of the country" and "the law of fire" and the documentary "victory of life".

1940年—1946年

1940-1946

1940年，布列松被德国当局逮捕，经过两次试逃，终于成功。越狱后，他在1943年参加了支持反法西斯被捕人员的秘密活动。此间，他还拍摄了许多艺术家、画家和作家（如马蒂斯、博纳尔、布拉克、克洛代尔等人）的肖像。在1944年至1945年期间，他参加了一个摄影团组，专门拍摄德军占领下的法国，他以摄影为手段，揭露法西斯的罪行。他还拍摄了巴黎解放的情景，记叙了法国人民的欢乐时刻。

In 1940, Bresson was arrested by the German authorities. After two attempts, he finally succeeded. After escaping from prison, he took part in secret activities in 1943 to support the arrested anti fascists. During this period, he also took many portraits of artists, painters and writers (such as Matisse, Bonnar, Blake, crodale, etc.). From 1944 to 1945, he took part in a photography group, specialized in photographing France under German occupation. He used photography as a means to expose the crimes of fascism. He also filmed the liberation of Paris and recorded the happy moments of the French people.

1946年，布列松在美国度过了一年多的时光，协助纽约现代艺术博物馆组织了一个摄影展览。1947年，布列松与罗伯特·卡帕、戴维·西摩·奇姆，以及乔治·罗杰等人一起创办了“马格南”图片通讯社，成为世界上最有影响的几个同类组织之一。布勒松1966年脱离该社，经他本人同意，仍由该社保存和经营他的底片。

In 1946, Bresson spent more than a year in the United States, helping the Museum of modern art in New York organize a photography exhibition. In 1947, Bresson, together with Robert kappa, David Seymour chim, and George Roger, founded the magnum photo news agency, becoming one of the most influential organizations of its kind in the world. Bresson left the society in 1966. With his own consent, the society still keeps and manages his films.

1948年至1950年期间

1948-1950

1948年至1950年期间，布列松在东方的印度、缅甸、巴基斯坦、印度尼西亚和中国度过了三年。在中国居住的一年中，有6个月是在国民党垮台之前，6个月是在新中国诞生之初。这期间他抓拍的上海抢购黄金风潮和国民党末日等照片忠实记录了中国历史的伟大变迁，成为十分珍贵的历史文献。

From 1948 to 1950, Bresson spent three years in eastern India, Myanmar, Pakistan, Indonesia and China. In the year of living in China, six months were before the collapse of the Kuomintang and six months were at the beginning of the birth of new China. During this period, he captured the gold rush in Shanghai and the end of the Kuomintang, which faithfully recorded the great changes of Chinese history and became a very precious historical document.

1952年至1953年

1952-1953

1952年至1953年，布列松回到欧洲工作。1954年，他作为东西方集团关系解冻后被苏联接纳的第一 个摄影家访问了苏联。1958年至1959年，正值新中国建国十周年大庆之际，布列松应中国邀请曾访华3个月。

From 1952 to 1953, Bresson returned to work in Europe. In 1954, he visited the Soviet Union as the first photographer accepted by the Soviet Union after the thawing of the relationship between the East and the West. From 1958 to 1959, on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the founding of new China, Bresson visited China for three months at the invitation of China.

1960年，布列松去古巴访问并进行摄影报道，后回到阔别30年的墨西哥逗留了4个月，又去加拿大住了一段时间。1965年去印度和日本。1969年，布列松用了一年时间，准备他的摄影作品展览。该展览于1970年在法国巴黎大宫殿展出，盛况空前。

In 1960, Bresson went to Cuba for a visit and photography, then returned to Mexico, where he had been away for 30 years, stayed for four months, and then went to Canada for a period of time. I went to India and Japan in 1965. In 1969, Bresson spent a year preparing for an exhibition of his photographs. The exhibition was held in the Grand Palace of Paris in 1970.

1973年以后

After 1973

1973年以后，布列松重操画笔，但有时也拍摄一些摄影作品。1980年夏，布列松正式退出摄影界。他一生从事摄影半个多世纪，足迹遍及世界各地，拍摄了大量精彩照片。但是，他从来不允许别人拍摄他本人的照片，他的意愿似乎是，永远躲在人们看不见的地方，描绘和刻画芸芸众生。

After 1973, Bresson used to paint again, but sometimes he took some pictures. In the summer of 1980, Bresson officially withdrew from photography. He has been engaged in photography for more than half a century in his life. He has traveled all over the world and taken a lot of wonderful photos. However, he never allowed others to take his own photos, and his intention seems to be to hide in the invisible place forever, depict and depict all living beings.

2021年2月14日，布列松在世界文化艺术家排行榜《每日一星》评选活动中荣获第一名。

On February 14, 2021, Bresson won the first prize in the selection of "one star of the day" in the list of world cultural artists.

世界文联入会通道（点击进入）

Entry channel of World Federation of literary and art(click to enter)

《每日一星》参与方式（点击进入）

How to participate in "one star of the day"(click to enter)

▼扫码关注世界文联

Scan the code and pay attention to the World Federation of literary and art