马远（约1140－约1225年后），南宋绘画大师，字遥父，号钦山，祖籍河中（今山西永济），生长在钱塘（今浙江杭州）。

南宋 马远 岁寒三友图

工笔是宋画的主流艺术形态，细微勾染的法度，是宋画令人惊叹的地方。在南宋四家中（李唐、刘松年、马远、夏圭）就有位画家对细微再细微的局部有着过人的观察和描写，这就是马远。

故宫博物院藏 南宋 马远 踏歌图

马远对于山水、人物、花鸟无一不精，其山水画的成就尤为突出。马远多作山水一角之景致，所画的树石线条刚劲坚凝，有如折钗股似的弯折之角。他常常不作全景式铺陈格局，而描绘边角之景，人称其“马一角”。

台北故宫博物院藏 南宋 马远 对月图

美国大都会博物馆藏 南宋 马远 邀月就梅图

马远的山并不以雄伟见长，而是以清新取胜。尤其是瘦削的远峰，宛如水石盆景，灵动轻盈，绝无北宋山水画那种迫人心肺的压倒气势。对于树木的枝干有下偃之势，是马远个人的创造。

明代曹昭在《格古要论》一书中评论马远画山的风格说：“或峭峰直上而不见其顶，或绝壁直下而不见其脚，或近山参天而远山则低...”

宋 马远 举杯玩月图

南宋 马远 山水人物 大英博物馆藏

马远的作画风格克承家学，并超过了他的先辈。他继承并发展了李唐的画风，以拖技的多姿形态画梅树，尤善于在章法大胆取舍剪裁，描绘山之一角水之一涯的局部，画面上留出大幅空白以突出景观。从他的画中，能最直观地感受到中国画中的留白妙趣。

台北故宫博物院 南宋 马远 江亭望雁图

马远的山水画风格独特，富有诗意。画水能表现出在不同环境气候下的种种形态，从水与涉水对象中体现。

有水流之湍

南宋 马远 柳溪琴隐

有水之鲜活

南宋 马远 山水人物

有彀皱之水

台北故宫博物院藏 南宋 马远 秋江渔隐图

有逍遥之水。

东京国立博物馆藏 南宋 马远 寒江独钓图

马远的花鸟作品善于在自然环境中描绘花鸟的神情野趣。

故宫博物院藏 南宋 马远 梅石溪凫图

南宋 马远 白蔷薇图

马远所画人物，取材广泛，多画佛道、贵族、文人雅士、渔樵、农夫等，闲雅轩昂，神气盎然。

台北故宫博物院藏 南宋 马远 晓雪山行图

台北故宫博物院 南宋 马远 画雪景

台北故宫博物院藏 南宋 马远 乘龙图

来源：搜狐网

Ma Song of the Southern Song Dynasty

Meticulous brushwork is the mainstream art form of Song Dynasty paintings. It is an amazing place for Song paintings. In the four Southern Song dynasties (Li Tang, Liu Songnian, Ma Yuan, Xia Gui), there was an artist who had an extraordinary observation and description of subtle details. This is Ma Yuan.

The National Palace Museum's possession of the Southern Song Ma Yuan Tactics

Ma Yuan is perfect for landscapes, figures, and flowers and birds. His achievements in landscape painting are particularly prominent. Ma Yuan is more of a landscape in the corner of the landscape. The lines of the tree and stone painted are condensing and condensing, like folding horns. He often does not make a panoramic layout, and depicts the landscape of the corner, people call it "a corner of the horse."

Taipei National Palace Museum, Southern Song Dynasty Ma Yuan

The Metropolitan Museum of the United States Tibet Southern Song Ma Yuan Invited to Meitu

Ma Yuan’s mountain is not known for its majesticness but for a fresh victory. In particular, the lean, far peaks are like Shuishi bonsai, smart and light, and there is absolutely no overwhelming pressure on the heart and lungs of the Northern Song Dynasty landscape painting. For the branches of the trees, there is a downward trend. It is Ma Yuan’s personal creation.

Cao Zhao in the Ming Dynasty commented on the style of Ma Yuanshan in the book “Gui Yao Ji Lun” and said: “Or the steep peaks go straight up without seeing the top, or the cliffs go straight down without seeing their feet, or near the mountains and the distant mountains are low.. ."

Song Ma Yuan toast to play with the moon

Southern Song Ma Yuan Landscape Characters British Museum Collection

Ma Yuan's style of painting was inherited from his family and surpassed his ancestors. He inherited and developed Li Tang's style of painting, drawing plum trees in various forms of drag and drop, and was particularly adept at cutting out the cuts in Zhang Fa's boldness and portraying the part of one of the corners of the mountain, leaving a large blank space on the screen to highlight the landscape. . From his paintings, he can feel the vividness of blankness in Chinese painting most intuitively.

Taipei National Palace Museum Southern Song Ma Yuan Jiang Ting Wang Yan Figure

Ma Yuan’s landscape painting is unique in style and poetic. Drawing water can show various forms under different environmental climates, manifested in water and wading objects.

There is a flow of water

Southern Song Ma Yuan Liu Xi Qin Yin

There is fresh water

Southern Song Ma Yuan Landscape Characters

Wrinkled water

Taipei National Palace Museum, Southern Song Dynasty, Ma Yuan, Qiujiang Fishing, hidden map

Happy water.

Tokyo National Museum of Tibet Southern Song Mayuan Hanjiang Fishing Map

Ma Yuan's works of flowers and birds are good at depicting the wild and interesting scenery of flowers and birds in the natural environment.

National Palace Museum, Southern Song Dynasty, Ma Yuan, Mei Shixi, Map

Southern Song Ma Yuan Bai Rongwei Figure

Ma Yuan's figures are drawn from a wide range of paintings, including paintings of Buddha Road, aristocrats, literati, fishermen, and farmers. They are elegant and immaculate.

Taipei National Palace Museum, Southern Song Dynasty, Mayuan, Xiaoxue Mountain

Taipei National Palace Museum Southern Song Ma Yuan Painting Snow Scenery

Taipei National Palace Museum, Southern Song Dynasty Ma Yuan

Source: Sohu.com - Selected