向校外培训机构违规办学说“不”

“坚决纠正校外培训机构开展学科类培训出现的‘超纲教学’‘提前教学’‘强化应试’等不良行为”“严禁校外培训机构组织中小学生学科类等级考试及竞赛”“坚决查处中小学教师课上不讲课后到校外培训机构讲”……

春季学期伊始，教育部等四部门以办公厅名义联合印发的《关于切实减轻中小学生课外负担开展校外培训机构专项治理行动的通知》，一经发布便引发舆论广泛关注。“立即停办整改”“坚决纠正”“坚决查处”等关键词的高频出现，也让公众对此次针对校外培训机构违规办学行为的专项治理行动给予了更多期待。

积极回应热点关切

“这是国家教育行政部门的主动作为，积极回应人民群众关注的社会热点与难点问题，通过专项治理行动，让人民群众普遍有获得感，确保中小学生健康成长全面发展。”身处直接和校外培训机构打交道的岗位，北京市海淀区教委社管科科长左滨如此评价春季新学期之初启动专项治理行动的意义。

中国教育学会发布的《中国辅导教育行业及辅导机构教师现状调查报告》显示，2016年我国现有中小学生1.8亿，中小学课外辅导学生超过1.37亿人次，市场规模超过8000亿。随着校外教育培训机构的大量涌现，鱼龙混杂、恶性竞争的局面也随之而来。

北京师范大学第二附属中学党委副书记陈国治对此深有感触：“广大家长和中小学生一边痛斥校外培训机构的弊端，一边被动地参加到校外培训的大军中去。谁来打破这个局面？”陈国治坦言，教育部等四部门联合行动，给了人民群众一个“再难管也要管”的有力回答。

“此次由教育部等四部门开展的专项治理行动，是对校外培训行业乱象的重拳一击，将会对确立校外培训行业秩序和行业规范以及行业的健康、有序、良性发展起到积极作用。”学大教育首席执行官金鑫说。

作为多年校外培训行业的从业者，新东方教育科技集团董事长俞敏洪也对《通知》中提到的一些行业乱象感同身受。“随着各种类型的民办教育机构大量涌现和快速发展，民办教育行业也出现了鱼龙混杂、急功近利、过分注重‘应试’、超前教育、加重学生负担等问题，甚至出现举办者卷款而逃的极端现象。”俞敏洪认为，面对一些行业问题和乱象，在国家加强监管的同时，教育培训机构自身更应该严格自律，不断进行反思和改进。

综合研判有的放矢施策

着眼于一些校外培训机构存在的“有安全隐患、无证无照、‘应试’倾向、超纲教学”等人民群众反映强烈的六类突出问题，《通知》对存在重大安全隐患、无证无照、有证无照的校外培训机构，明确了立即停办整改、指导其依法依规办理证照、对不符合办理证照条件的责令其停止办学等治理和整改要求。同时，对校外培训机构开展学科类培训的班次、内容、招生对象、上课时间等要向所在地教育行政部门进行审核备案并向社会公布、坚决查处中小学教师课上不讲课后到校外培训机构讲等提出明确要求。

“专项治理行动聚焦不规范行为，办学隐患和办学内涵兼治，校外培训和校内教育教学行为兼治，通过打‘组合拳’系统解决问题。”教育部等四部门相关负责人表示，专项治理行动主要聚焦3个方面的任务。一是治理无资质和有安全隐患的培训机构，把确保学生安全放在首要位置。二是治理数学语文等学科类超纲教超前学等“应试”培训行为，把减轻学生校外负担放在最突出位置。三是治理学校和教师中存在的不良教育教学行为，把强化学校和教师管理提到更重要位置。

“产生校外培训种种无序和违背规律各种乱象的一个重要根源，是中小学校招生入学明里暗里的条件要求助推的，真正切断这一关联，才是釜底抽薪之策。”陈国治认为，此次专项治理行动的新意在于不是简单地否定一切校外培训机构和培训方式，也不是简单地禁止校外培训机构涉足基础教育学科类培训，而是通过提高和规范校外培训机构的准入门槛，依据规范标准该取缔的取缔，该规范完善的规范完善，该限制培训领域的限制培训领域。“《通知》提出的6项治理任务和整改要求是经过研判，有的放矢的，这一思路和举措本身就是尊重教育规律的体现。”

着眼长远平稳有序推进

事实上，针对校外培训机构办学规范这一热点问题，近年来各地在规范校外培训机构方面进行了积极探索和实践，积累了一些有益的经验做法。上海市便通过建立“二级政府三级管理”的管理体制和“部门联动、市区联动、区际联动”的工作机制、构建制度体系、合理设置准入标准、提出禁止性要求，逐步完善校外培训机构管理的长效机制。江西省南昌市则按照教学点间距和办学规模适配教学点数量，规范校外培训机构布点和跨区域设置等，取得积极成效。

“校外培训机构治理工作非常复杂，在国际上也是个难题，不但涉及对校外培训机构的管理，还涉及家长的教育观点、学校的教育教学质量以及部分学生的选择性、补充性需要。”教育部基础教育司司长吕玉刚表示，2017年，教育部将其作为重点工作任务开展了专项调研，并列入2018年“奋进之笔”重点工作任务。本着“标本兼治、内外联动、堵疏结合、积极稳妥”的基本思路，分两步走，先开展集中专项治理，遏制住当前校外培训机构中存在的突出问题，再研究制定促进校外培训机构规范有序发展的长效机制，立足当前，着眼长远，解决问题，建章立制，平稳有序推进校外培训机构和谐稳定，提供满足家长和学生需求的选择性、补充性服务。

在四川省成都市青羊区教育局副局长徐江涌看来，在专项治理的同时，要更好地减轻学生负担，也还需进一步推进公办学校的优质均衡发展、鼓励学校尽量满足学生个性化的教育需求、规范招生行为和教师校外兼职行为，积极开展家庭教育，引导家长形成正确的教育观等。

“校外培训机构治理是一项系统工程，本次专项治理行动是全面治理的开端，重在治标，瞄准治本。与专项治理同步，我们将会同国务院有关部门，加快研究制定促进校外培训机构有序发展的意见，就设置标准、审批登记、培训内容、日常监管等作出明确规定，部署各地结合实际，加快构建良好教育培训秩序。”吕玉刚说。

来源：凤凰

"No" to the outside school training institutions.

Resolutely correct school training institutions to carry out academic training on the "super class teaching" and "teaching" to "strengthen the examination of" bad behavior "and" non school training institutions organization students discipline class grade examination and competition "and" resolutely investigate and deal with the primary and secondary school teachers do not speak to the class after school training institutions speak"......

At the beginning of the spring semester, the four departments of the Ministry of Education jointly issued the notice on effectively reducing the extracurricular burdens of primary and secondary school students, and launching special training actions for off campus training institutions in the name of the office. The high frequency appearance of key words such as "stop immediately rectification", "resolutely correct" and "resolutely investigate and punish" also gave the public more expectation on the special governance actions for illegal training behavior of off campus training institutions.

Actively respond to hot concerns

"This is the initiative of the national educational administration department, which actively responds to the social hot issues and difficulties of the masses. Through the special governance action, we can get people's sense of universal access and ensure the healthy growth of primary and secondary school students in an all-round way. In the post directly dealing with off campus training institutions, Zuo bin, the chief of social management section of Beijing Haidian District Education Commission, thus commented on the significance of launching the special governance action at the beginning of the spring semester.

The survey report on the current situation of teachers in China's education industry and counseling institutions released by China Education Association shows that in 2016, 180 million primary and secondary school students in China, 137 million primary and secondary school tutoring students, and a market scale of over 800 billion. With the emergence of extra school education and training institutions, the situation of mixed and vicious competition is also coming.

Chen Guozhi, deputy secretary of the Second Affiliated Middle School of Beijing Normal University, is deeply moved by this: "the majority of parents and primary and middle school students are denouncing the disadvantages of off campus training institutions, and passively participate in the army outside school training. Who's going to break the situation? " Chen Guozhi said, the Ministry of education and other four departments joint action, give people a "difficult to manage" powerful answer.

"The special action carried out by the four departments such as the Ministry of education is a blow to the chaos in the off campus training industry. It will play a positive role in establishing the training industry order and industry standard outside the school, as well as the healthy, orderly and healthy development of the industry. Jin Xin, the chief executive of the major education, said.

As a practitioner of many years off campus training industry, Yu Minhong, chairman of the New Oriental Education Technology Group, also feels the same industry chaos in the notice. "With the private educational institutions of various types in large numbers and the rapid development of private education industry also appeared, quick, too much emphasis on" dragons and fishes jumbled together, advanced education examination ", increase the burden on students and other issues, and even extreme phenomena by Juankuan the." Yu Minhong believes that in the face of some industry problems and chaos, we should strengthen self-discipline and strengthen self discipline in education and training institutions.

Comprehensive research and decision making strategy

Focus on some extracurricular training institutions exist "there are security risks, undocumented," exam oriented "tendency, super class teaching" among the masses of the six outstanding issues, the "notice" of significant security risks, external training institutions undocumented, unlicensed card, the immediate closure of rectification the guidance, in accordance with law and regulations do not conform to the license, apply for license conditions shall be ordered to stop the school governance and rectification requirements. At the same time, to carry out academic training for school training institutions to shift, content, enrollment targets, class time to review the record to the local administrative department of education to the society, and resolutely investigate and deal with teachers course in primary and secondary schools do not speak to the after-school extracurricular training institutions speak clear requirements etc..

"Special governance actions focus on irregularities, school running risks and school running connotations." out of school training and school education and teaching behavior are simultaneously treated, and the problem is solved through the combination of "combined boxing" system. The responsible person in charge of the four Department of the Ministry of Education said that the special governance action mainly focused on the 3 tasks. One is the governance without qualification and security risks of training institutions, to ensure the safety of students in the first place. The two is to control the "exam" training behavior such as superclass and superclass, and so on. The three is to govern the bad education and teaching behavior among schools and teachers, and to raise the more important position of strengthening the management of schools and teachers.

"The training all sorts of disorder and violation of the law of all kinds of chaos is an important source of primary and secondary school enrollment is secretly requirements to boost the real cut off this relationship, it is a fundamental solution to." Chen Guozhi believes that the special action of the new idea is not a simple negation of all external training institutions and training methods, not simply ban the training institutions involved in basic education courses of training, but through the improvement and standardization of school training institutions entry threshold, according to the standard Ban Ban, the perfect perfect this restriction, training in the field of limited training field. The 6 governance tasks and rectification requirements put forward by the notice are judged and targeted. This idea and action itself is the embodiment of the law of respecting education.

Focusing on a long-term and orderly advance

In fact, in view of the hot issue of school running training of out campus training institutions, in recent years, various areas have actively explored and practices in standardizing off campus training institutions, and accumulated some useful experience and practices. The city of Shanghai has been established