传统戏剧曲艺汇演

　　云南省首届传统戏剧曲艺汇演中，昆明市代表队演出滇剧《穆桂英大破天门阵》。 阮坤瑾 摄

　　本报驻云南记者 肖依群 通讯员 杨国勤

　　近日，随着花灯戏《白扇记》的完美谢幕，由云南省文化厅、省民族宗教事务委员会共同主办，云南省非物质文化遗产保护中心、省滇剧院、省花灯剧院等承办的云南省首届传统戏剧曲艺汇演也随之圆满收官。

　　33个参演剧目展民族魅力

　　历时4天的首届传统戏剧曲艺汇演中，共有云南14个州市和2家省直文艺院团的33个参演剧目上演，涉及滇剧、花灯戏、傣剧、壮剧、佤族清戏、彝剧、白剧、关索戏、皮影戏、端公戏、白族吹吹腔、杀戏、大词戏13种传统戏剧和傣族章哈、白族大本曲、壮族渔鼓、腾冲扬琴、莲花落、昭通唱书6种曲艺，这也是云南省国家级、省级传统戏剧、曲艺类非物质文化遗产项目的首次集中展示。

　　此次汇演共评选出汇演奖9个、示范奖5个、优秀汇演奖11个、优秀示范奖8个、传承奖18个、组织奖10个、优秀组织奖6个。评委组充分肯定了汇演的重要意义，称赞参演节目品种众多、门类齐全，同时对汇演反映出的具体问题提出了批评指导，呼吁奋斗在传统戏曲传承工作第一线的文艺工作者，从保护文化遗产、弘扬传承中华优秀传统文化的高度做好云南省传统戏剧、曲艺的保护与传承工作。

　　戏好看，服装、道具亦有看头

　　本届汇演精品荟萃，白剧、傣剧、彝剧、壮剧云南四大少数民族剧种齐聚，许多观众更是首次接触到了佤族清戏、杀戏、白族吹吹腔、大词戏等为代表的一批古老、稀有、濒危的剧种。普洱市代表队带来的杀戏《三战刘从》和《三战吕布》，尤其让观众惊喜不已，从演员的装扮、道具到唱腔都很吸引人。据悉，《三战吕布》的演员全部是云南省镇沅县九甲镇果吉村的村民。在当地，村民们自发组织演杀戏，每年大年初三开演，这一有着两百多年历史的传统活动一直保留至今。有戏曲专家表示，此次汇演中普洱市代表队的杀戏十分有特色，3位非遗传承人老板老腔地演唱、原汁原味地“砍杀”和富有地方特色的道具装扮都给人留下了极其深刻的印象。

　　本届汇演除了戏好看，服装、道具亦有看头。红河州代表队的花灯戏《霸王下山》中“大王”扮演者黄朝相耍的大刀已经有200多年历史，传到黄朝相手中已经是第六代。普洱市代表队的杀戏《三战吕布》和《三战刘从》中的道具都为纯手工制作。其中，《三战吕布》配乐使用的乐器“戏号”，就是用大小不一的竹子一段一段手工组合起来，长约2米，吹奏时可根据曲调需要增减竹子的段数。而《三战刘从》里栩栩如生的道具马也是当地演员手工制作的。道具马用竹篾编扎而成，头、尾各一节，裱糊数层棉纸，然后涂上色彩。戏里的服装则是用各色花布缝制而成。观众看了这些道具不由得纷纷感叹高手在民间。

　　观众的肯定是传承的动力

　　为给观众送上精彩的节目，汇演期间，各代表队每天都在苦练，演员们入驻的宾馆里狭窄的走道、餐厅外的空地等都成为他们排练的场地。楚雄州代表队的演员们放弃了较高收入的商演，把最好的状态留给了汇演。演出中，一批高龄艺人也让观众心生敬佩。74岁的皮影艺人刘永周是第四批国家级项目皮影戏代表性传承人，为了此次汇演，他特意把《天兵神将攻打花果山》的整套皮影全都带来了，还精选了人物出场最多的选段来演出，希望能把皮影较为经典的剧目奉献给广大观众。红河州代表队的花灯小戏《霸王下山》的3位主演，年龄加起来已经有226岁。3人中年龄最小的为72岁，最大的已有78岁。年龄虽大，但3位老前辈可是宝刀不老，特别是“大王”扮演者、78岁的黄朝相把手中的大刀耍得虎虎生威，让观众忍不住为他们点赞。

　　此次汇演让坚守在云南省各地的戏曲工作者、传承人有了宣传展示的机会，这次演出带给他们的不仅仅是机遇与荣誉，更多的是难以言说的欣慰与喜悦和油然而生的文化自豪感、自信心。白族吹吹腔《火烧磨房》的主演杨会池说，吹吹腔传承很艰辛，但通过此次汇演，观众和评委的肯定给了她很大的信心和动力把吹吹腔传承下去。

　　云南省文化厅厅长李涛表示，此次汇演将有效保护传统戏剧曲艺的生态多样性，丰富广大人民群众的精神文化生活，培养壮大传统戏剧曲艺传承人队伍，促进非物质文化遗产全面传承发展，弘扬中华民族优秀传统文化。

来源：文化中国

Traditional drama music performance

The first Yunnan traditional folk theater performances, Kunming team performance of Yunnan "Mu Guiying Yangs". Ruan Kunjin
Xiao Yiqun correspondent of Yunnan reporter Yang Guoqin
Recently, with the lantern show "white fan" the perfect curtain call, by the Yunnan Provincial Department of culture, ethnic and Religious Affairs Committee co sponsored by Yunnan Province, non display of intangible cultural heritage protection center, province of Yunnan Province lantern theatre theater, hosted the first Yunnan traditional drama has been successful ending.
33 plays show national charm
During the 4 days of the first traditional drama festival, a total of 33 in the city of Yunnan 14 plays and 2 provincial art troupes staged to Yunnan, lantern show, opera, drama, opera, Qing wa Zhuang, Yi opera operas, drama, shadow play, Guansuo duangongxi, Bai, Chuichui music kill 13 big drama, drama drama and traditional Dai chapter Kazakhstan, Dabenqu, Bai Zhuang, "Tengchong Lianhualao, dulcimer, Zhaotong sing books 6 kinds of folk art, first showcase in Yunnan province which is the national and provincial traditional drama and folk intangible cultural heritage project.
A total of 9 performances, 5 demonstration awards, 11 excellent performance awards, 8 outstanding performance awards, 18 inheritance awards, 10 organizational awards and 6 excellent organization awards were selected. The group fully affirmed the importance of the show, praised the participating programs many varieties and categories, and to display specific problems reflected by the criticism for guidance, struggle in the traditional opera heritage work in the front line of artists, from the protection of cultural heritage, promote the heritage protection and heritage highly do work in Yunnan Province, the traditional drama the art of Chinese traditional culture.
Drama, costumes and props are also worth seeing
This boutique show, play, opera, Yunnan four, Yi opera show Zhuang minority drama gathered, many in the audience is the first contact to the opera, drama, kill wa Qing Bai Chuichui music and big drama as the representative of a group of ancient, rare and endangered operas. The team brought the play to kill the city "three" and "three war from Liu and Lv Bu", especially the audience pleasantly surprised, from the actor's costumes, props and singing are very attractive. It is reported that the "three war Lv Bu" actor all is Zhenyuan County of Yunnan Province, a town of nine fruit village villagers. In the local area, the villagers were spontaneously organized to play the play, and the first three years of the year began. This more than 200 year old tradition has been preserved to the present. Opera experts said that the show in Pu'er City team kill play is unique, 3 non genetic order of laoqiang to boss singing, the original "blade" and rich local characteristics of the props to dress up people left a profound impression.
In addition to the display of drama, costumes and props are also worth seeing. Honghe team lantern show "in the" King "," overlord down the actor playing yellow Zhaoxiang broadsword has 200 years of history, to the hands of Huang Zhaoxiang is the sixth generation. Pu'er City team kill play "three Lv Bu" and "three war war" in Liu from the props are pure Handmade. Among them, the instrument "play number" used in duer of "three wars Lv Bu" is a combination of different sizes of bamboo for a period of time, which is about 2 meters long. When playing, it can increase or decrease the number of bamboo according to the tune. And the lifelike props and horses of the three battles are also handmade by the local actors. The horse props with bamboo sticks and taping into the head and tail of each day, a number of paper and then painted with colors. The costume in the play is made of various colors of cloth. The audience looked at the props and exclaimed the high hands in the folk.
The audience's affirmation is the driving force of inheritance
In order to deliver wonderful programs to the audience, the teams are practicing hard every day during the show, and the narrow walkways, the open spaces outside the restaurants where the actors are staying are the venue for their rehearsal. The Chuxiong delegation's actors gave up the higher income business, leaving the best state to the show. In the performance, a group of older artists also made the audience admire them. The 74 year old shadow artist Liu Yongzhou is the fourth batch of national project shadow representative inheritors, to the show, he deliberately set "shadow against the Heavenly God brought all the mountain of flowers and fruit", also featured the characters played the most selections to show, hoping to give the shadow more classical repertoire to the audience. Honghe team plays the 3 Starring "Lantern king" down, combined age is 226 years old. The youngest of the 3 people is 72 years old, and the largest is 78 years old. Although the age is big, but the 3 old man but the "King" A good sword remains always sharp. Especially, the 78 year old Huang Zhaoxiang, who played in the hands of the sword playing tiger, the audience could not help but praise for their point.
The show gave us the opportunity to publicize and display the drama workers and inheritors in Yunnan province. This performance not only brings opportunities and honor to them, but also is unspeakable gratification, joy and spontaneously generated cultural pride and self-confidence. The "burning" mill Chuichui music star Yang Huichi said, Chuichui music inheritance is very difficult, but through the show, the audience and the judges must have given her the confidence and motivation of the blow two handed down.
Li Tao, director of the Yunnan Provincial Cultural Department, said that the performance will effectively protect the diversity of traditional opera quyi, enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the masses, cultivate and expand the traditional opera quyi artists, and promote the comprehensive inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.