国家体操女队赴美外训收获丰

    国家体操女队外训小组由教练王群策、徐惊雷带队员刘婷婷、陈一乐、黎琪、管晨辰，于2017年12月初前往位于美国爱荷华州的乔良俱乐部训练了20天。教练员和运动员的共同感受是，“原来体操还有另一种练法。”

  “蛙跳、半蹲蛙跳、高抬腿跑、后空翻等一系列做组训练下来，我们的孩子鼻涕眼泪都出来了，人家还笑眯眯的在击掌。”与美国运动员共同训练的过程，给王群策、徐惊雷和队员们的触动都很大，那种“我要练”的态度，似乎与国内训练“要我练”的意识完全不同，引发了王群策的思考。“我们不能只注重技能训练，还必须打造运动员爱国、拼搏精神等思想意识，帮助她们用积极、努力、乐观的心态去参与训练和比赛，在体操技能的培养过程中形成正能量的‘我要练’的意识欲望。”

    著名华裔教练乔良曾于2004年至2012年担任美国体操女队总教练，现仍是美国女子体操战略规划3人小组成员。“粗略统计，乔良俱乐部的两个训练馆每天练体操的运动员大约有一两百人，从两岁的幼儿到20多岁的在校大学生都有。美国体操的强大在于广泛的群众基础，在于走进校园。”王群策说。

    深入美国基层俱乐部训练，给中国体操队教练对身体素质能力训练带来了颠覆性的认识。“身体素质能力训练是女子体操发展的基础，身体素质能力的强弱可决定高水平成套动作的发挥。在同等技术水平的基础上，身体素质能力决定胜负。”在与乔良俱乐部共同训练的近80个小时中，王群策发现，他们不论大小运动员练身体素质力量与练专项技术的时间，几乎各占50%，而国内的训练比例只占20%甚至更少。“在与乔指导的深入交流中了解到，美国体操选手从小到大都有身体素质力量做支撑，她们在俱乐部就适应了大负荷、高强度的身体能力训练，平时的能力训练远超比赛中所需要的能力，比赛中当然就会显得轻松。反观我们平时的能力训练负荷远远达不到赛场所需，稍微练多点就怕影响比赛，索性就不练了。”

    队员们的切身体会也很深刻，“练的力量各式各样，特别重视腿部力量，很多我们都没见过，20天的力量训练都不重复。”刘婷婷告诉记者，去美国训练的成果很明显。“练完之后觉得确实涨劲儿了，做平衡木都轻松了。”

    在里约奥运会女子体操团体决赛中，中国队总体难度值超出美国队0.3以上，但完成质量分输了5分以上。“其实是输在身体能力上。以前我们会片面地认为动作不稳定、完成不好是技术要领不正确或训练水平不够，从而成年累月的去练动作和技术，但通过观察美国体操的训练理念，身体能力欠缺也许同样导致了这个结果，她们能通过身体能力把动作练得有速度、高度和远度，这也是美国运动员空翻又高又飘又转、跳马又高又远的基础。”

    20天对于有30多年体操执教生涯的王群策来说，也许短到随时会忘记，但对于国家体操女队来说，深入一个陌生的国度去共同探讨体操运动规律、训练理念和技术教法的意义深长久远，也创造了中国体操历史上的第一次。“希望能学彼之长、为我所用。回来后我们将延续这一整套的身体能力训练理念，等待时间检验创新训练的成果。”王群策说。

The United States National Gymnastics Team Training fruitful

The national gymnastics team training team by coach Wang Qunce, Xu Jinglei Liu Tingting, Chen Yile Li Qi, with the team, Guan Chenchen, in early December 2017 to in the American state of Iowa good Joe club training for 20 days. The common feeling of the coaches and athletes, so there is another kind of gymnastics training."

"The frog jump, squat, leapfrog high leg run, backward somersault and a series of group training down, our children nose tears came out, people still smiling in clapping." The process of training together with American athletes brings great touches to Wang Qunce, Xu Jinglei and the players. The attitude of "I want to practice" is totally different from the sense of "training me to train" in domestic training, which triggered Wang Qunce's thinking. "We can not only focus on skills training, athletes must also build the fighting spirit of patriotism, such as consciousness, help them with a positive and optimistic attitude, efforts to participate in training and competition, the formation of positive energy in the development of gymnastic skills in" I do "the sense of desire."

The famous Chinese coach Joe Leung served from 2004 to 2012 as the women's gymnastics coach, is still the U.S. women's gymnastics team of 3 members of the strategic planning. Roughly speaking, there are about one or two training gymnasts in the two training centers of Qiao Liang club, ranging from 2-year-old children to more than 20 year old college students. The strength of American gymnastics lies in a broad mass base, which lies in the campus. " Wang Qunce said.

The training of the grassroots club in the United States has brought a subversive understanding to the coaches of the Chinese gymnasts for the physical competence training. "Physical competence training is the foundation of the development of women's gymnastics, and the strength of the physical ability can determine the full play of the high level complete set of movements. On the basis of the same technical level, physical competence determines the victory or defeat. " In nearly 80 hours of training together with the Qiao Liang club, Wang Qun CE found that they almost all accounted for 50% of their physical strength and special training time, regardless of size, and the proportion of training in China accounted for only 20% or less. "To understand in depth exchanges and Joe guidance, the American gymnast had physical strength, they will adapt to the high load and high intensity of physical ability training in the club, the ability of daily training than in a game to game, of course it would be easy. On the other hand, our usual capacity training load is far from the needs of the field, and a little bit more scouring is afraid of the impact of the competition, so it is not practicable.

The players were keenly aware of is very deep, "the power of every kind of training, pay special attention to a lot of leg strength, we have not seen, strength training 20 days will not repeat." Liu Tingting told reporters that the results of training in the United States were obvious. "After the practice, I feel really strong. It's easy to make balance wood."

In the women's gymnastics team final in the Rio Olympic Games, the overall difficulty of the Chinese team was more than 0.3 of the United States team, but the quality was divided by more than 5 points. "In fact, it is the physical ability to lose. Before we can believe that one-sided action is not stable, not completed is not correct or skill training level is not enough, so for months and years training to action and technology, but through the observation of the American gymnastics training concept, physical ability may also be the result of her, they can have the ability to move the body, speed the height and distance, which is the basis of American athletes flip high and floating again, the tall and the vault."

20 days for a career 30 years of gymnastics Wang Qunce, perhaps short to forget at any time, but for the national gymnastics team, into a strange country to discuss Gymnastics Rules, training ideas and technical methods of pregnancy long, also created Chinese gymnastics for the first time in history. "I hope to learn the length and use it for me." After coming back, we will continue this complete set of physical training concepts and wait for time to test the results of innovative training. " Wang Qunce said.