教育部再明确小学生每天要睡够10个小时

近期，教育部印发《义务教育学校管理标准》，首次全面系统地梳理了我国义务教育学校管理的基本要求，其中再次明确“家校配合保证每天小学生10小时、初中生9小时睡眠时间。”

“10个小时，我算算，那岂不是9点钟睡，7点钟起床，这怎么可能，女儿能在10点前睡就很不错了。”“我们也达不到，儿子六年级了，小升初，压力大，作业多，再稍微磨叽下，就睡晚了。”......

周日下午4点，在杭州某培训机构休息区，正在等孩子下课的家长们聊起教育部的这一标准要求，现场10几个爸爸妈妈，都是小学六年级家长，没有一个人觉得能达到这个要求。

钱报记者在多所学校以及家长群中调查了解，小学低年级段睡眠时间尚好，但很早就开始各种兴趣班的学生也难保证；而小学高年级段以及初中生能达到教育部要求睡眠时间的极少。

是什么劫走了孩子的睡眠时间？辅导班多、作业多、做事磨蹭、家长的焦虑，这是多位父母总结的共同原因。

调查：中小学生睡眠不达标是普遍现象

晚上8点20分，在杭州某民办中学门口，已站满了前来接孩子的家长。这一天学校刚公布了最新的月考成绩，这当然成为家长们讨论的主题。

冬日的夜晚气温很低，搓搓手取个暖，两个熟识的妈妈彼此拿出了手机，认真研究学校发的成绩短信。“我们这次科学有进步，英语差了点，你们呢？”“我们语文这次没考好。” “看来，晚上回家后还是得再加强下，还好是走读，学习时间能再挤出点。”

在这个时候，记者上前问孩子的睡眠时间，答案显然在预料之中。“我儿子一般10点半睡觉，早上6点半前起床，满打满算，8个小时。我觉得班上的情况都差不多吧，住宿生可能睡得早一些，走读的回家有时吃点东西、再做点作业什么的，时间很快就过去了。”一位妈妈表示。

记者还在现场发了10张小问卷，关于“你的孩子是否能睡足9个小时”的问题，10人回答全是不能；睡觉时间7人选了10点半，有3人选10点，起床时间集中在6点到6点半之间；“初中基本都要在7点10分左右到校，不能起太晚。”一位爸爸解释。关于“哪个时间段明显感觉孩子睡觉时间不够了”的问题，家长选的都是初一，“上了初中，你会觉得小学时的作业真少啊。”一位妈妈开玩笑道。

与初中生相比，要求要睡10个小时的小学生情况又怎么样呢？记者向多所学校的家长进行了解，结果显示小学三年级以前，如果家长稍微注意，9点钟上床睡觉还是可以的，个别动作较慢及兴趣班较多者除外；但到了高年级段，尤其是五、六年级，多数家长表示能睡到9个小时已经非常不错，在记者采访的约五十名家长中，有38人表示10点钟睡觉，6点半起床是常态，12人表示能在9点半左右入睡。

此外，全国的相关数据调查也显示，近年来，青少年睡眠问题日益突出。数据显示，目前我国儿童青少年普遍存在不同程度的睡眠问题，且这一问题越来越严重。在全国8个城市进行的多中心横断面调查显示，我国学龄儿童睡眠不足（少于9小时）的比例为38.0%，城市儿童睡眠问题的患病率高于农村儿童，城市儿童睡眠时间不足9小时者所占比例更高。

中国青少年研究中心去年曾发布调查数据：“2005年-2015年间，近六成中小学生睡眠不足国家规定的9小时。”

追问：是什么劫走了孩子的睡眠时间

“你认为是什么原因劫走了孩子的睡眠时间？”

“这个‘劫’字用得好，还真是被劫走了。”在培训机构休息区，现场10几位爸妈展开了讨论。

在这个问题的答案上，“作业”两个字是高频词，家长表示，这作业不仅仅是学校作业，更多是指课外作业。

“报了辅导班总要做点作业吧，否则单凭只是每周去上次课怎么会有效果？每天总要抽点时间做几道数学题吧，也总要抽出点时间背背英语吧，我这才给女儿报了两门课，我不知道那些语数英科都报辅导班的家庭，这时间怎么够分配，我无法想象。这需要一点时间那需要一点时间，一个小时不就没了。”一位家有六年级女儿妈妈的话引发共鸣。

“提起作业，我想在座的每一位都有说不完的梗吧，近日有个调查报告不是说了吗，陪写作业已成为亲子关系的一大杀手，甚至成为降低家庭幸福感的原因之一，对我来说不是‘原因之一’而是‘原因之首’，一陪儿子作业， 我的坏脾气自己都觉得不可思议。”

这位妈妈说的调查是指一中小学人工智能教育平台近日发布的《中国中小学写作业压力报告》，该平台称，过去3年时间，我国中小学生日均写作业时长由3.03小时降低为2.82小时。即便如此，这个数据仍是全球水平的近3倍。

其次，孩子动作慢，做事磨蹭也是让父母们提起来就心焦的梗。“坦白说，如果提高点效率，作业时间也是能省出不少的，但孩子就是磨。”一位爸爸问，“你说现在的孩子这么聪明，他们会不会觉得做完一样作业家长会再布置一样，就索性在那拖着啊。”“我们儿子现在做作业都是房门一锁，不让我在边上，只好给他规定时间，做好出来，但往往孩子要求的时间都会长一点。”

“我是掐着10点的点盯女儿睡觉的，为此还制定了奖励措施，能在10点前上床就奖5块，女儿比以前快一些了，一周也能有两三次获奖了。”雨妈表示，现在再不抓孩子的效率，到了初中可就惨了。

再次，家长们也坦承，现在整个家庭的作息都推迟了，孩子也养成了晚睡的习惯。

最终，家长们还是把矛头集中到了当前的教育环境。疯狂的作业、如潮的补课、霸道的名校，我们都被裹挟在其中。“就说眼前吧，如果没有上民办初中的念头，我想我会让女儿早睡早起的，但是我们想上，所以，就不用说了吧。”已陪着女儿赶了多家培训中心各种考试的妈妈的话让现场沉默了。

我的睡觉时间被合谋掉了

小煜是一个很阳光的初一大男孩，小学、初中都在民办学校，成绩中上。

提及自己的睡眠时间，他算了算，“现在应该有8个小时了吧，争取10点钟能上床，早上6点15左右起床。前两个月我比较惨，刚进初中，不适应，每晚都要弄到11点。”

“我觉得我的睡觉时间都被合谋掉了。”

“合谋？什么意思？”

“不是，是我自己最近比较喜欢用这个词，我的意思是说一件又一件或大或小的事，叠加在一起，就把我的睡觉时间给合谋没了。”小煜解释。

他说自己是班干部，班级管理工作难免会占用一些时间，有时就会出现在学校没有清完作业，得回家稍微补一下；他还报了个英语班，每天有20分钟的作业，需要上传给老师的；此外回到家总有些个人的事吧。“在校时间是固定的，那只有在家时间是可以调整的了，只不过调整的结果往往就变成了压榨，压榨休息时间。”

停掉儿子的游泳课，加报一个语文班，又在一周前找了位数学老师，想一对一补补课。“我的头都快大了，小升初的火都烧到屁股了，着急焦虑，恨不得一天有48小时，都不记得已经多久没带儿子爬爬山打打球了。”说这话的是一个家有六年级儿子的妈妈，她坦承，自己做不到淡定。

“你说怎么淡定，我也明白症结所在，可总想努力一把上个民办初中，再上个好高中吧，孩子成长不可能重来一遍，赌不起，所以像我这样不淡定的家长，就只有在这种没有最焦虑只有更焦虑的现实中挣扎了。”

来源：钱江晚报

Recently, the Ministry of Education issued the "standards for the management of compulsory education schools". For the first time, the basic requirements of compulsory education school management in China were systematically reviewed for the first time, and again, it is clear that "home school cooperation" ensures 10 hours per day and 9 hours sleep time for junior middle school students.

"10 hours, I realized that it is not 9 o'clock sleep, get up at 7 o'clock in the morning, how is it possible, for her daughter to sleep before 10 PM is very good." "We can not be reached, the son of the sixth grade, the beginning of a small rise, pressure, work, a little nosese, sleep late." ......

At 4 o'clock on Sunday afternoon, in a rest area of a training institution in Hangzhou, children waiting for class ended up talking about the standard of the Ministry of education. There are 10 parents and six parents in primary school. No one felt that they could meet this requirement.

Qian Bao reporter learned from many schools and parents' group that sleep time was good in the lower grades of primary school, but the students who started all kinds of interest classes were hard to guarantee. However, primary school students and junior high school students could hardly get enough sleep time in the Ministry of education.

What took the child's sleep time? Remedial classes, homework, work to, the anxiety of parents, this is a common cause of many parents summary.

Survey: it is common for primary and middle school students to sleep not up to the standard

At 8:20 in the evening, in the doorway of a private middle school in Hangzhou, the parents were full to come to pick up their children. This day the school has just announced the latest monthly exam results, which, of course, is the subject of discussion by parents.

The winter night temperature is very low, Cuocuo a warm, two knew each other mother took out a mobile phone, send SMS to seriously study the school achievement. "We have made progress in science this time. English is a little bad. What about you?" "Our language is not well done this time." "It seems to go home at night or more, it is a day, learning time can squeeze."

At this time, the reporter went up to ask the child's sleep time, and the answer was obviously expected. "My son went to bed at 10:30, 6:30 in the morning to get up before, fully prepared to 8 hours. I think the class of almost every situation, accommodation students may sleep early some day, the home to eat, sometimes a little bit of what operations, the time passed quickly." A mother said.

Reporters at the scene made a 10 small questionnaire, about whether your child can sleep 9 hours ", 10 people can not sleep all answer; 7 for 10:30, there are 3 candidates for 10 points, up time from 6 to 6:30; junior high school should be the basic school at around 7:10 not too late." One father explained. When it comes to "which time period obviously feel the child is not sleeping enough", parents choose the first day. "When you go to junior high school, you will feel very little homework in primary school." A mother joked.

What about the pupils who want to sleep for 10 hours, compared with junior high school students? Journalists to understand the school parents, showed that the third grade primary school before, if parents pay a little attention to, go to bed at 9 o'clock or can, slow movement and individual interest classes more except; but to the high grades, especially in grade five or six, most parents said can sleep 9 hours has been very good about fifty parents, in an interview with reporters, said 38 people go to bed at 10 o'clock, it is normal to get up at 6:30, 12 people said to sleep at around 9:30.

In addition, the national related data survey also shows that in recent years, the problem of teenage sleep is becoming more and more prominent. The data show that there is a common problem of sleep in children and adolescents in our country at present, and this problem is becoming more and more serious. A cross-sectional survey of 8 cities across the country shows that the proportion of school children in China is 38%. The prevalence of sleep problems in urban children is higher than that in rural children. The proportion of urban children who sleep less than 9 hours is higher than that in rural areas. The prevalence of sleep problems in urban children is 38%.

The Chinese Youth Research Center published a survey last year: "in -2015 in 2005, nearly 60% primary and middle school students had less than 9 hours of sleep deprivation."

Question: what is the child's sleep time away

"What do you think is the reason and took the child's sleep time?"

"This'." the word is good, really was stolen." In the training organization rest area, the 10 parents in the field were discussed.

In the answer to this question, "homework" two words are high frequency words, parents say, the homework is not only school homework, but also refers to extracurricular homework.

"The tutorial class always has to do some homework. Otherwise, how will it be effective only to go to the last class every week? Take some time to do some math problems every day, but also to spare some time to recite English, I just gave his daughter called the two class, I do not know the number of language classes are reported Intco family, this time I can't imagine how enough distribution. It takes a bit of time that takes a bit of time, an hour is gone. " A family has a daughter's mother in grade six that resonates.

"I want to mention work, everyone here have endless stems, recently a survey report said it's not, with homework has become a major killer of parent-child relationship, and even become one of the reasons for reducing the family happiness, not for me" one of the reasons why the "but" first, "a son with homework, I feel unbelievable bad temper myself."

The mother's survey refers to the Chinese primary and secondary school of artificial intelligence education platform recently published in China's primary and secondary schools